Museum Soeharto

Museum Soeharto are historical building which is a museum. It's heritage's of Soeharto in the past. Located in Kemusuk Kidul, Argomulyo, Sedayu, Bantul. This museum was built in Soeharto's own land. Also it's place where he was born in the past.

This museum officially opened in June 8th, 2013. And that days concide to Soeharto's birthday. The building area is 3620 square meters. It was built for remembering services of the second president of this country. And it's for the young men to get inspired by Soeharto.

The collection that inside this museum are lots. There are few statue of Soeharto indside, some clothes, and other things that very historical. The most fascinating things was the big statue of Soeharto right when you come inside the museum. It's so huge and tall also realistic. The statues so iconic in this museum.

When youuget inside there, the first things you'd see is that statue. Then there are pendopo which contain pictures and electronic books indside. To see complete collection, you can get into dioramas room. Inside there, you'll get movie roll that contain visual documentation about Soeharto.

The Difficulty On Writting For Students

Writing is one of many ways to express something. For beginners like me, it's difficult to write something about the things that i didn't interested to. Furthermore it's in English, which is not my mother tounge. Well i have to try to write something that i didn't interested to, like this jurnal or whatever you all called it, and I'll do my best. Hopefully this text will pass me out to the next level of writting.

So, in this text i will try to explain The Difficulty On Writting For Student based on my own experiences. And im sorry if the words, grammar are very mess. Even the structure, but I'll make it easier to understand the point insyaallah. Let's the story began!

In my highschool, there are an English class with the teachers of course, that helded usually once a week for 90 minutes straight. The teachers in my highschool are the scholar, so they of course talented in English in my point of view, thats what im thinking. Every year of school if im jump to higher class grade you know what i mean(I can't find a word to say), usually i met different teachers from the last year. At least i met 3 different teachers in 3 years of my highschool life.

In the first grade of my highschool, the English class if I'm not mistake it's full of education about vocabularies. So in the test we should find the most correct word to fill the blank. It's jut like English class at the first grade generally. In the second grade there are some additional vocabularies. In the third grade, it's full about the National Exam things. English in highschool i think it's full of vocabulary things or grammar things but the basic i think.

I never get a writting material or things like that. So, when I'm going to college and meet the writting class thats freak me out. I hate writting for sure, especially hand writing it's so tiring for me. Well i hate writting but in the same time i have to do this thing. And the reason I'm doing it because i like the topic, so i will grab out all my difficulty and it will be nice at least for me.

Back to the laptop, then i think that an ex-highschool student like me will have a problem with writting that i've never get in my highschool. Even my ability to understand English is good and my pronunciation was good enough, according to me hehe, but in writting it's very hard for students that never get a writting class before.

Lets talk about the most difficult things on writing one by one according to me:

1. Grammar
In the top of the leaderboard we have grammar, congratulations!. Yeah i think understand the grammar so bloody difficult for some student. Like my friends every English word that he type are from Google Translate. Which is fine but i think the grammars so freaking mess, i think. Even I'm not an expert in grammar but it's like very strange in my ears or my eyes to see that word.

I'm studying grammar since elementary school, and it's just basic i mean very basic. For example: I have an apple, i played football yesterday; etc. That's the basic grammar that everyone should understand to write something. For some students it's easy to get that thing inside their brain, but for some other students it's just like a horn that when you hear you'll know, but slowly fade away.

Grammar are very important for write something, it's because without a grammar we just see only word that didn't have a structure. Without grammar we can't do anything on writing properly. You'll never see a sentence if grammar wasn't created. So thank god, who creates the grammar for us, cheers.

To understand the correct grammar for students takes a time, depends on their brains. Some students will pass it in a bit time and some students will take their whole lifes. But, i think as long we get what they tried to say, grammar isn't important anymore. But in the case of writing context, we should use this grammar for sure. Well at least we studying grammar and if it's hard for us at least we understand the meaning or the thing's that anybody else says or write.

Let's talk about my grammar in this article or whatever you called it. I think i found difficulty to get the correct grammar for my article. When i started this article, find the correct grammar is the most difficult thing that I've done. But it's still mess i think, even i tried to get it correctly. It's a shame, because I've been studying it for for an entire semester in the college. I just put grammar directly to this article from my brain that full of word that I've been heard before or the text that I've read before. As long as i thought it's not strange in my brain i think it's ok. At least I've been heard or read the word that i put in this article.
Maybe some students knows the correct grammar but they don't know what the theories, you know what i mean?. They put a grammar in the correct location but they don't know the theory behind that. When they're being asked by their teachers, "can you tell us what the reason you putt this grammar?", and then the students getting confused for answering that question. Maybe they've been told by their teachers but they forget. But in another way, they know what the teachers trying to explain.

2. Vocabularies
The second things that i think lot of students find difficulty to write something it's about their vocabularies. Some students may have a lots of vocabularies that they knew it, some other maybe just few vocabularies. This problem could be solved if students try to improve their vocabularies from many ways. For example:

- listen to music
Of course music in English. Students can find a new word from music. I used this method and it's work. In this method usually i will try to find the lyrics of the song, then if there are word that strange for me, then i will do a research in online dictionary. Then i will know what is the word means and improve my vocabularies.

- watch a movie
Of course movie that use English. This was my favorite ways to improve my vocabularies. When i watch a movie then i use 2 subtitles, Indonesian and English. But my first choice was English subtitles, with this method we also learn about the pronunciation from native. When i found word that strange in my ears, I'll do research about it from Indonesian subtitles. I think this method is very effective.

- read something
Of course read something in English. Like an article, book, wikipedia even thread in Twitter. You're free to read anything from everywhere. I usually read from Twitter, many accounts that i followed from native speakers. And this will improve my vocabularies pretty much. Other than that, Twitter had a features that allow us to translate the tweet into different language directly. So it helps me so much to understand their words.

3. Difficulty to express something
Some students are getting stressed if they had to do the writing job. Not stress about the way to write, but it's more like they didn't know how to express something in English. Like they struggle to find a correct word. Or just they don't have any idea.

4. They're lazy
It's all about what they wanna do, but they didn't like it. Some students are lazy enough for just write in English. Maybe they didn't like the English or they just lazy as freaks. Lazy to study something new in their life, just because they never do it. When they do it i think some of them will enjoy to write.
It's very basic problem that everyone had their own portion. But the impact of lazy is very big deal. If you're lazy to do something then you'll never get something.

I think that's enough to explain what makes students find difficult in writting. Once again it's all my own opinions that from inside my heads. I'm not putting any journal from the website. I may broke the rules but trust me, it's from my point of view. I'm a student that had a difficulty to writing. So it's based on my experience so far.

I would like to thank you for all the people that read until this paragraph. I don't know what I'm gonna write. I'm just trying to fill the blank page at the end of fourth page, so it will looks good enough for filling it. Oh ya, I'll not putt a reference at the end of page, because once again it's purely from my sight. And I'm very glad to write this, because it's my first journal in my entire life and it's in English.

I hope this article will open your eyes to see things that they never see. And thank you for your time to read this.

Cheerio.

About Nadiem Makarim's Speech

Few time ago at the teacher's day the minister of education Mr.Nadiem Makarim gave a speech that goes viral in the internet. His speech that short and to the point, made a lots of response in internet. It'
s because the speech is very short and thats very unusuall.

That speech contain about teacher's task which is very difficult to educate their students. Because of that, he wanna change the way to educate the students. We know that education in this massive country require the student to be smart at all the lesson that been given, but ignoring another student'
s potential.

One of the point that I agreed it's about the ability of memorize. When I at the school, smart student is student who had ability in remembering the material. If remembering is the way to be smart, then the student who has a difficulty in remembering will hard and be stressed. And that things will make another potential from the student's hard to rises, because wanted their poin high. It's like when you ask the traffic light to a colourblind. I mean every one has their own portion.

In my opinion, discovering the potential of the student is important things. With that, teachers will not find difficulty because making sure that the student beable to memorize something. with discovering the potential of the student's, teacher's can make their task easier and student will rise. That make student will not thingking too much their poin. With this method, i thing the students will more easier to achieve their goals.

Cheerio!

Maguwoharjo Stadium

In an area in Sleman, there are a football stadium named, Maguwoharjo Stadium. Located in a village called Maguwoharjo, district of Depok, Sleman. A strategic location for an international stadium. The location that close to the Airport, hospital made this stadium's international class.

The stadium was built in 2004 and it took 2 years to built it. In the year of 2006, there are an earthquake in Jogja that made damage on the stadium's structure. After this earthquake the goverment did a renovation to repair the buildings. Until this day, Maguwoharjo has a lot of renovation.

This stadium has a very good grass. The international standard of football groud has been installed in Maguwoharjo. Other than that this stadium also had a modern stadium concepts that is a stadium without a running track. The lack of this stadium is there are no permanent chair for the fans.

Maguwoharjo is the homeground of a football team called PS Sleman. Before Maguwoharjo was built PSS has an homeground in Tridadi Stadium. But because the "old Tridadi" getting older thats made PSS move to Maguwoharjo. Until this post was written Maguwoharjo still the homeground of PS Sleman.

Welcome To Liga 1

Back in 2018, PSS be able to get promoted from Liga 2 to Liga 1. This sucseed not an easy things for PSS. Lots of challange that should be passed. With the Gods helps, PSS finnaly passed it.

In the beginning of the season, PSS started the journey with the good vibes. Victory in the home and away game, it's a good start to get the glorious season. Back in the day at the first game; PSS beated Cilacap with 4-0 in the scoreboard. Hattrick from Dirga Lasut and an own goal locked the scoreboard at the end.

Time flies, it's in the middle of the season. PSS at their top performance and secured the top of the league tabble. Followed by Tangerang Riau an Jogja. Tangerang is their biggest rival for PSS. In other side Cilacap in the bottom of the tabble.

Finally PSS be able to get through the semifinal. In this section PSS faced Kalteng. In the first leg of this matches, their both scored a goal and that's made a draw at the final whistle. In the second leg PSS beated Kalteng with 2 goals at Maguwoharjo Stadium and secured the final tickets.

The day was came and it's a final match. PSS faced Padang in the final that helded in Bogor. The game was exciting. The goal that they've waiting for finally came. A goal from Gonzales's feet followed by a goal from Rival Lastori's feet. A long whistle has been blowed and PSS beated Padang with two goals became a Champions.

Ringkasan Materi Jaringan Dasar Kelas 10

Jaringan Komputer

            Jaringan computer adalah gabungan dari 2 sistem computer atau lebih, yang saling terhubung melalui media komunikasi untuk komunikasi/ bertukar data.

            Ada 4 macam jaringan computer yang kita kenali, yaitu :

1.     PAN (Personal Area Network)

PAN digunakan untuk komunikasi dari PC ke perangkat atau sebaliknya. Ada 2 macam jaringan PAN, yaitu Wireless (nirkabel) dan kabel. Contoh :

Wireless     : Mouse Wireless dengan computer, Headset wireless dengan PC

Kabel         : Keyboard dengan PC desktop

2.     LAN (Local Area Network)

LAN adalah jaringan computer yang biasanya sebatas jaringan computer yang mencangkup kampus, gedung, kantor, dalam rumah sekolah/ yang lebih kecil. Biasanya menggunakan jaringan Ethernet dan wireless. Karakteristiknya :

1.      Mempunyai pesat data yang lebih tinggi

2.      Meliputi wilayah geografi yang lebih sempit

3.      Tidak membutuhkan jalur telekomunikasi yang disewa dari operator

Prinsip kerja LAN :

Prinsip kerja LAN dapat didefinisikan sebagai network/ jaringan sejumlah system computer yang lokasinya terbatas dalam 1 gefung, 1 kompleks gedung,/ suatu kampus dan tidak menggunakan media fasilitas komunikasi umum seperti telepon. Sebuah LAN dibatasi oleh lokasi secara fisik. LAN yang umum menggunakan hub/ switch, akan mengikuti prinsip kerja hub itu sendiri.

3.     MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

MAN adalah jaringan computer seperti LAN, tetapi wilayahnya lebih luas, meliputi area perkotaan.

Karakteristik MAN :

1.      Meliputi area seluas 5-50 km. biasanya mencangkup perkotaan.

2.      MAN umumnya tidak dimiliki oleh 1 organisasi, MAN komunikasi linknya dan peralatan, umumya dimiliki oleh 1 konsorsium pengguna/ oleh penyedia layanan jaringan yang menjual pelayanan kepada pengguna.

3.      Sering bertindak sebagai jaringan kecepatan tinggi untuk memungkinkan berbagi sumber daya daerah. Hal ini juga sering digunakan untuk menyediakan koneksi bersama untuk jaringan lain dengan menggunakan link ke WAN.

4.      MAN berukuran lebih besar dan biasanya memakai teknologi yang sama dengan LAN.

5.      Hanya memiliki sebuah/ 2 buah kabel dan tidak memiliki elemen switching, yang berfungsi untuk mengatur paket melalui beberapa output kabel. Adanya elemen switching membuat rancangan menjadi lebih sederhana

4.     WAN (Wide Area Network)

WAN adalah jaringan computer antar wilayah, kota/ bahkan antar Negara/ bisa didefinisikan sebagai jaringan computer yang membutuhkan router dan komunikasi public.

Contoh : Jaringan Internet

Manfaat jaringan computer :

1.      Dapat saling berbagi sumber daya peralatan secara bersama

2.      Aplikasi dapat dipakai bersama

3.      Akses ke jaringan memakai nama, kata sandi, dan pengaturan hak untuk data-data rahasia, sehingga masing-masing pengguna memiliki otorisasi

4.      Komunikasi antar pemakai melalui e mail/ LAN conference

5.      Pengontrolan para pemakai ataupun pemakaian data secara terpusat

Kelemahan jaringan computer :

1.      Virus

2.      Not File/ data rusak/ hilang di tengah jalan

3.      Biaya à semakin banyak jaringan/ projek semakin banyak biaya

4.      Personality / SDM nya harus tidak boleh gaptek

OSI

            OSI (Open System Interconnection) adalah protocol yang dibuat dan dikembangkan oleh ISO (International Standarization Organisation). Protocol adalah himpunan aturan-aturan/ kaidah yang mengatur proses jalannya komunikasi data. Kaidah ini mengatur setiap aspek komunikasi jarngan hingga yang paling rinci, misalnya protocol harus mengatur bagaimana komunikasi data bermula, berlanjut dan diakhiri.

            Tujuan dari OSI adalah menunjukkan bagaimana bagian-bagian dari suatu system komunikasi jaringan dapat bekerja sama. Model ini hanya menetapkan kebutuhan apa yang harus dikerjakan, tidak menentukan bagaimana kebutuhan tersebut harus diimplementasikan. Implementasinya diserahkan kepada pihak pengembang yang mengerjakan protocol yang sesuai dengan OSI.

            OSI memiliki 7 lapis/ 7 layer, yaitu :

1.      Physical Layer

            Fungsi ini adalah menjelaskan spesifikasi listrik, mekanis, dan fungsional guna menangani data jaringan.

            Lapis ini menjelaskan proses yang menangani data sebagai stream (arus) bit biner yang mengalir melalui suatu perangkat keras tetapi tidak menyertakan standar untuk perangkat keras itu sendiri.

2.      Data Link Layer

Lapis ini menjelaskan proses untuk mendeteksi dan memperbaiki error data tingkat rendah selama transfer data antara lapis fisik dan lapis di atas lapis fisik.

3.      Network Layer

Lapis ini menjelaskan proses routing (pengedaran) data diantara alamat jaringan dan memeriksa apakah pesan sudah dikirim dengan lengkap dan akurat.

4.      Transport Layer

Lapis ini mencangkup fungsi penetapan hubungan yang sesuai, memulai transmisi data, dan membebaskan hubungan setelah transmisi selesai.

5.      Session Layer

Lapis ini mencangkup proses untuk mengontrol transfer data, menangani error transmisi dan pengangkutan, serta mengelola record transmisi yang dikirim

6.      Presentation Layer

Lapis ini mengontrol kaidah untuk memformat transmisi data. Misalnya lapis ini mencangkup spesifikasi untuk encoding dan decoding himpunan karakter.

7.      Application Layer

Lapis ini menjelaskan spesifikasi untuk lingkup dimana aplikasi jaringan berkomunikasi dengan layanan jaringan.

Protokol lainnya

            Selain OSI, ada juga protokol-protokol lainnya seperti TCP/IP, Netware, dan NetBios

1.  TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protokol/ Internet Protokol)

TCP/IP merupakann protocol standar, protocol ini pertama kali untuk menghubungkan komputer-komputer pemerintahan, dan saat ini menjadi dasar bagi internet, jaringan terbesar dari jaringan komputer di dunia.

Perkembangannya diawali dengan keikut-sertaannya dala system operasi LINUX pada sekitar tahun 1980 an. Keunggula TCP/IP adalah memiliki kompatibilitas dengan berbagai macam perangkat keras dan system operasi.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) menerima data dengan panjang sembarang dan membaginya ke dalam bagian-bagian berukuran 64 k (ukuran terakhir dapat lebih kecil)

Internet protocol (IP) mengambil bagian-bagian memeriksa ketepatan tiap bagian, menyelamatkannya ke tujuan, dan memastikan bahwa bagian-bagian tersebut sudah terkirim dengan urutan yang benar. Pada saat menyampaikan pesan ntuk IP, TCP, dapat menangani berbagai jenis pesan yang berbeda dengan cara yang berbeda.

1.    Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Memproses pesan teks yang hanya berisi ragkaian karakter ASCII serta alamat sasaran

2.    File Transfer Protokol (FTP)

Merupakan himpunan kaidah pemrosesan data yang lebih banyak yang digunakan untuk memproses data yang lebih kompleks. Data yang memerlukan karakter non ASCII, / berisi karakter biner yang dapat dibaca oleh mesin. Dapat juga digunakan untuk mengotomasi pengiriman data, misalnya mengirim batch data yang berbeda-beda setelah beberapa jam.

3.    Telnet

Adalah himpunan kaidah yang memungkinkan user (local terminal) mengakses komputer lain pada jaringan (remote terminal). TCP/IP digunakan oleh hampir semua system berbasis UNIX, Banyan Vines, Microsoft LAN Manager, Novell Netware dan Microsoft Windows.

2.  Netware

       Netware telah memperkenalkan beberapa protocol tambahan khusus untuk netware, protocol ini seringkali memiliki juga fungsi yang terdapat dalam protocol standar, tetapi protocol ini terpadu penuh ke dalam system Netware.

       Protocol ini digunakan hanya pada jaringan Netware, untuk melengkapi protocol standar, dan dirancang agar Netware dapat bersaing melawan system lainnya yang membatasi implementasinya hanya pada protocol standar.

1.      Internetwork Packet eXchange (IPX)

Menangani pemeriksaan data dan tanggung jawab pengalamatan serupa dengan yang dijumpai dalam TCP/IP. Protocol ini menangani pesan antar jaringan (pesan yang dikiri diantara Netware dan Jaringan lain)

2.      Netware Core Protocol (NCP)

Mengelola aliran data antara client dan file server Netware untuk mendapatkan tingkat efisiensi maksimum

3.      Sequenced Packet eXchange (SPX)

Menggunakan fungsi NOS Netware untuk memeriksa keakuratan data

4.      Server Advertising Protocol (SAP)

Memanau proses logging (pencatatan) pada dan diluar jaringan, serta mengelola transfer pesan antar simpul pada antar jaringan keseluruhan

3.  NetBios (Network Basic Input/Output System)

       IBM Corporation mengembangkannya dalam upaya menyediakan sarana standar dalam menggunakan system operasi yang mendasari komputer guna mengakses layanan jaringan.

       NetBios adalah standar umum untuk jaringan peer to peer, misalnya LANtastic, dan invicible NET/30. Umumnya tidak digunakan untuk system jaringan yang sangat besar/ sangat kompleks.

Topologi

1.       Topologi Bus

Topologi yang menggunakan kabel tunggal, seluruh komputer saling berhubungan secara langsung menggunakan 1 kabel saja menggunakan kabel koaksial dan diletakkan menggunakan T-connector.

Kelebihan     :

1.      Mudah dikembangkan

2.      Tidak perlu kabel banyak

3.      Hemat biaya instalasi

Kelemahan   :

1. Tidak stabil

2. Tingkat deteksi kesalahan jaringan kecil

3. Sering terjadi antrian data

4. Untuk jarak jauh memerlukan repeater

2.       Topologi Ring

Seluruh komputer dihubungkan menjadi 1 membentuk lingkaran yang tertutup dan dibantu oleh token. Token berisi informasi yang berasal dari komputer sumber yang akan memeriksa apakah informasi tersebut digunakan oleh titik yang bersangkutan.

Kelemahan           :

1.      Tidak perlu banyak kabel

2.      Instalasi mudah

3.      Tidak terjadi tabrakan data

4.      Mudah dirancang

Kelebihan             :

1.      Peka kesalahan jaringan

2.      Sulit dikembangkan

3.      Jika 1 titik terganggu, maka yang lain ikut terganggu

3.       Topologi Star

Pada topologi ini setiap komputer langsung dihubungkan ke HUB. Fungsi HUB adalah untuk mengatur lalu lintas seluruh komputer yang terhubung.

Kelebihan             :

1.      Deteksi kesalahan mudah

2.      Mudah dikontrol

3.      Keamanan tinggi

Kelemahan           :

1.      Perlu banyak kabel

2.      Jaringan tergantung terminal pusat (HUB)

3.      Memakan biaya tinggi

4.       Topologi Tree

Merupakan hasil pengembangan dari topologi bus dan star. Terdiri dari topologi star yang dihubungkan ke topologi bus. Data dikirim dari pusat simpul yang lebih tinggi dahulu.

Kelebihan             :

1.      Mudah deteksi kesalahan

2.      Perubahan bentuk kelompok mudah dilakukan dan tidak mengganggu jaringan lain

3.      Mudah dikontrol

Kelemahan           :

1.      Perlu banyak kabel

2.      Cara kerja lambat

3.      Sering bertabrakan data

5.       Topologi Mesh

Merupakan rangkaian jaringan yang saling terhubung. Setiap komputer mempunyai titik yang siap berkomunikasi secara langsung dengan titik perangkat komputer lain.

Kelebihan             :

1.      Dinamis dalam memperbaiki setiap titik jaringan

2.      Data langsung dikirim ke tujuan tanpa melewati komputer lain

3.      Proses pengiriman data lebih cepat

Kelemahan           :

1.      Biaya pemasangan sangat besar

2.      Perlu banyak kabel

3.      Perlu banyak port I/O

4.      Proses instalasi rumit

6.       Topologi Linear

Merupakan perluasan dari topologi bus dimana kabel utama harus dihubungkan ke tiap titik kompter menggunakan T-connector / menggunakan kabel RJ-58

Kelebihan             :

1.      Sederhana jaringannya

2.      Hemat biaya

3.      Mudah dikembangkan

Kelemahan           :

1.      Deteksi kesalahan kecil

2.      Keamanan kurang terjamin

3.      Lalu lintas data tinggi

Write by: Muhammad Yoga Pratama]

URL      : https://smkalkaaffasti.blogspot.co.id/2014/11/rangkuman-materi-jaringan-dasar.html